Low voltage circuit design
Memory stores the program codes and the data for computing with which processor executes some functions and applications. As the supply voltage for the microprocessor decreases due to scaling transistors, the memory needs to function at low voltage as well. Book (b02a) and papers (p02c, p02a, p01a, p00a, p99b, p97b, c08a) have proposed several low-voltage circuit designs for analog circuits such as sense amps, oscillators, level shifters and charge pumps, and validated them on Si. As a whole set of circuit blocks, 1.5V operation has been confirmed for both NOR and NAND Flash memories.
